| 摘要: |
| 高等教育评价是存在价值关联的关系性活动，评价过程就是建立关系的过程，且有内部评价和外部评价之分。在内部评价与外部评价之间，在外部评价的不同主体之间以及内部评价的不同主体之间，都存在着以价值判断为牵引的、围绕事实探究和描述的交互作用。高等教育评价不同于对“物”的评价。评价对象的主体性和意义建构在评价过程中，并发挥着重要作用。高教评价在特定的场域展开，场域特性影响评价的价值立场和判断，而高教评价的有效性取决于评价主体的交互水平。除了评价过程中的交互性，评价者的专业化水平也是重要的因素。以评价者的专业化为一维，以评价过程的交互性为另一维，按照水平高低建立坐标，可以建立四种评价有效性模式。其中，高专业化水平和高交互性水平的评价模式最为有效。高等教育评价要健康发展，就必须纠正将评价的技术化要求和高教的人性化特质相对立的错误偏向。 |
| 关键词: 高等教育 教育评价 内部评价 外部评价 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| On the Interaction of Higher Education Evaluation |
| Zhou Zuoyu |
| (Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100088) |
| Abstract: |
| Higher education evaluation is a relational value-laden process, which can be divided into external and internal evaluation. Evaluation process is a process of establishing relationships. There are interactions between the external and internal evaluation, evaluators and evaluands. These interactions focus on value judgment, and happen in evidence collection and description. There are sharp differences between higher education evaluation and “thing” evaluation. The subjectivity and sense-making of evaluands has significant meaning in the interactive evaluation process. Higher education evaluation is carried out in a specific field and field characteristics can affect value standpoint and judgement. The effectiveness of education evaluation depends on the level of interaction of evaluation subjects. Besides, the professional level of evaluators is also an important factor. Taking the evaluators’ professional competence and interactive communication process as two dimensions, we can work out a four-quadrant model of evaluation effectiveness. Among the four models, the most effective one is the model in the right-up corner, which is characterized by higher professional competence level and higher interactive communication level. For the sound development of higher education evaluation, it is necessary to reverse the improper deviation that opposes the technical requirements of evaluation and the human nature of higher education. |
| Key words: Higher education Education evaluation External evaluation Internal evaluation |
